diff --git a/src/App.tsx b/src/App.tsx
index a2e29c0..e7e4729 100644
--- a/src/App.tsx
+++ b/src/App.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ export default function App() {
   const [stats, setStats] = useState<PeriodStats | null>(null);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false);
+  const [lastUpdate, setLastUpdate] = useState<Date | null>(null);
   const [source, setSource] = useState<'live' | 'mock'>('mock');
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ export default function App() {
             setTransactions(transactions);
             setStats(stats);
             setSource(source);
+            setLastUpdate(new Date());
           }
         })
         .catch((err) => console.warn('Ğ1Flux refresh error:', err))
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ export default function App() {
                 : 'bg-[#0a0b0f]/80 border-[#2e2f3a] text-[#4b5563]'
             }`}>
               {source === 'live'
-                ? <>{refreshing ? <span className="animate-spin inline-block">↻</span> : '●'} live Ğ1v2</>
+                ? <>{refreshing ? <span className="animate-spin inline-block">↻</span> : '●'} live Ğ1v2{lastUpdate && <span className="ml-1 opacity-60">{lastUpdate.toLocaleTimeString('fr-FR')}</span>}</>
                 : '○ mock'}
             </div>
           </div>
diff --git a/src/services/adapters/CesiumAdapter.ts b/src/services/adapters/CesiumAdapter.ts
index 822da0b..2e67109 100644
--- a/src/services/adapters/CesiumAdapter.ts
+++ b/src/services/adapters/CesiumAdapter.ts
@@ -25,16 +25,17 @@ export interface GeoProfile {
 
 // Détection de pays par bounding box (pays présents dans la communauté Ğ1)
 const COUNTRY_BOXES: { code: string; latMin: number; latMax: number; lngMin: number; lngMax: number }[] = [
-  { code: 'FR', latMin: 41.3,  latMax: 51.1,  lngMin: -5.1,  lngMax: 9.6   },
+  // Petits pays d'abord : leurs bounding boxes chevauchent celle de la France
+  { code: 'LU', latMin: 49.4,  latMax: 50.2,  lngMin: 5.7,   lngMax: 6.5   },
   { code: 'BE', latMin: 49.5,  latMax: 51.5,  lngMin: 2.5,   lngMax: 6.4   },
   { code: 'CH', latMin: 45.8,  latMax: 47.8,  lngMin: 5.9,   lngMax: 10.5  },
-  { code: 'LU', latMin: 49.4,  latMax: 50.2,  lngMin: 5.7,   lngMax: 6.5   },
+  { code: 'NL', latMin: 50.7,  latMax: 53.6,  lngMin: 3.3,   lngMax: 7.2   },
   { code: 'DE', latMin: 47.3,  latMax: 55.1,  lngMin: 6.0,   lngMax: 15.0  },
+  { code: 'FR', latMin: 41.3,  latMax: 51.1,  lngMin: -5.1,  lngMax: 9.6   },
   { code: 'ES', latMin: 35.9,  latMax: 43.8,  lngMin: -9.3,  lngMax: 4.3   },
   { code: 'PT', latMin: 36.8,  latMax: 42.2,  lngMin: -9.5,  lngMax: -6.2  },
   { code: 'IT', latMin: 36.6,  latMax: 47.1,  lngMin: 6.6,   lngMax: 18.5  },
   { code: 'GB', latMin: 49.9,  latMax: 60.9,  lngMin: -8.2,  lngMax: 1.8   },
-  { code: 'NL', latMin: 50.7,  latMax: 53.6,  lngMin: 3.3,   lngMax: 7.2   },
   { code: 'MA', latMin: 27.6,  latMax: 35.9,  lngMin: -13.2, lngMax: -1.0  },
   { code: 'TN', latMin: 30.2,  latMax: 37.5,  lngMin: 7.5,   lngMax: 11.6  },
   { code: 'SN', latMin: 12.3,  latMax: 16.7,  lngMin: -17.5, lngMax: -11.4 },
@@ -55,6 +56,29 @@ export function cleanCityName(city: string): string {
   return city.split(',')[0].trim();
 }
 
+// Noms de pays en français/anglais → code ISO (Cesium+ utilise le français)
+const COUNTRY_NAME_TO_CODE: Record<string, string> = {
+  'france': 'FR', 'belgique': 'BE', 'belgium': 'BE',
+  'suisse': 'CH', 'switzerland': 'CH', 'schweiz': 'CH',
+  'luxembourg': 'LU', 'allemagne': 'DE', 'germany': 'DE',
+  'espagne': 'ES', 'spain': 'ES', 'portugal': 'PT',
+  'italie': 'IT', 'italy': 'IT', 'pays-bas': 'NL',
+  'netherlands': 'NL', 'royaume-uni': 'GB', 'united kingdom': 'GB',
+  'maroc': 'MA', 'morocco': 'MA', 'tunisie': 'TN', 'tunisia': 'TN',
+  'sénégal': 'SN', 'senegal': 'SN', 'canada': 'CA', 'brésil': 'BR', 'brazil': 'BR',
+};
+
+/** Extrait le pays depuis le champ city Cesium+ (ex: "Heusy, 4800, Belgique" → "BE") */
+function countryCodeFromCity(city: string): string {
+  const parts = city.split(',');
+  for (let i = parts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    const token = parts[i].trim().toLowerCase();
+    const code = COUNTRY_NAME_TO_CODE[token];
+    if (code) return code;
+  }
+  return '';
+}
+
 // geoPoint accepte n'importe quel type — Cesium+ utilise plusieurs formats ES geo_point
 const HitSchema = z.object({
   _id: z.string(),
@@ -127,10 +151,11 @@ export async function resolveGeoByKeys(
     const src = hit._source;
     const geo = parseGeoPoint(src.geoPoint);
     if (!geo) continue;
+    const city = src.city ?? 'Inconnue';
     result.set(hit._id, {
       name:        src.title ?? '',
-      city:        src.city ?? 'Inconnue',
-      countryCode: latLngToCountryCode(geo.lat, geo.lng),
+      city,
+      countryCode: countryCodeFromCity(city) || latLngToCountryCode(geo.lat, geo.lng),
       lat:         geo.lat,
       lng:         geo.lng,
     });
@@ -186,10 +211,11 @@ export async function resolveGeoByNames(
     const src = hit._source;
     const geo = parseGeoPoint(src.geoPoint);
     if (geo && src.title) {
+      const city = src.city ?? 'Inconnue';
       result.set(src.title.toLowerCase(), {
         name:        src.title,
-        city:        src.city ?? 'Inconnue',
-        countryCode: latLngToCountryCode(geo.lat, geo.lng),
+        city,
+        countryCode: countryCodeFromCity(city) || latLngToCountryCode(geo.lat, geo.lng),
         lat:         geo.lat,
         lng:         geo.lng,
       });